In my experience I have the opportunity to talk to many people looking to actively manage their own investments and those looking to take on trading as a career path. I have found that often new traders and investors become so confused by the volume of information available in the market that they lose sight of the end game. Hundreds of hours are spent searching through indicators, oscillators, lines, systems and predictions looking for the strategy that will guarantee success. Everyone seems to be looking for the magical answer, the secret to trading and the promise of 100% success. In some cases, the search and analysis overtake the trading so that finding the perfect system becomes the goal. They forget that we are actively investing and trading to make money. And this requires you to place your money in the market and actively manage that position. Once you enter the market, your previous analysis becomes irrelevant
So let’s get back to some basics. The market is made up of thousands of individuals all completing their own analysis and making their own trading decisions. We are trading alongside and against a changing and evolving crowd who react to a constant flow of new information. The market is constantly changing and adjusting, so you too need to have a trading strategy that ensures you monitor the market, be flexible and react to new information when required.
So what are the ways to trade successfully in the market?
Firstly we must know our job and acknowledge that we are trading to make a profit. Dividends aside, we are looking to profit from the movement in price. So it follows that the key to selecting and managing your positions is an understanding of the price action.
There are only two facts that occur in the market:
1. Price (the price at which a buyer and seller agree to an exchange)
2. Volume (the amount that is exchanged).
My first point here is that all the indicators, oscillators, trend lines, averages, etc are simply derivatives of either price and/or volume. They can be useful to support your chart analysis but should never be a substitute for analysing the price. Why rely on assumptions and interpretations when you can go straight to the source?
Secondly, you need an understanding of what causes price movement. We may think a particular share has fantastic earnings and great potential. And maybe it does. But unless a new buyer is prepared to buy at the ask price level then the share price will not gain in value. We need a constant supply of new buyers willing to take the higher ask price for the value of our chosen financial instrument to rise.
Observing previous price structures can help in determining a likely future price direction. An understanding of how to read candlestick charts will allow you to determine who is in control of the market – buyers or sellers. Your price analysis will also allow you to identify the strength of the market and, importantly, a change in the strength of the market. You are looking to see if buying momentum is increasing or decreasing over your chosen time frame. A change in control from buyers to sellers will result in a fall in price and potentially require action from you.
Consistent profitability lies in constantly assessing our risk/reward profile for every trading position we take on from entry right through to exit. Your risk/reward profile is your assessment of the risk you take on in any particular trade compared to the potential for profit. We look at the risk in two ways. Firstly, we use price analysis to determine the likelihood of the price moving in a favourable direction. Secondly, we consider the risk we are taking as the amount we will lose if we are wrong. This is simply the amount you will lose if the trade hits your stop loss. How does this compare with the potential for price rise based on recent price history?
Obviously in trading and investing we do not know the future. So we are constantly required to assess probabilities and look to find those opportunities that present the greatest potential reward with the lowest level of risk. This will assist you in selecting your opportunities.
Once you are in a trade, your trade management will determine your profitability. You have no control over the market and it will move regardless of your initial analysis. Senario planning is an excellent framework for active management of your positions. In any trading position, the price can move up, down, or sideways. It may move quickly, it may move slowly. You need to ensure you have a plan for whatever happens.
Ask yourself these questions:
- What will I do if the price goes up? Will I add? When will I take profits? How much will I allow for retracements? What will I do if price reverses?
- What will I do if the price goes down? Where is my stop loss? Will I re-enter if the price subsequently goes back up?
- What will I do if the price moves sideways? What is my timeframe?
Your price analysis will continue throughout your trade management phase. This is where you continue to assess your risk/reward proposition. If your price analysis is indicating a potential change in market sentiment, you may wish to reassess your stop loss, or take some profits. Conversely, your analysis may support continued strength over your time frame after a brief retracement and present a low risk high probability opportunity to add to this winning position and further your profits.
So spend your time wisely and gain the skills you need to make money from movements in price. Study the charts. Understand how to determine who is in control of the market and how committed they are. Learn to recognize when buyers are losing commitment and there is a potential for change. Learn to assess if a change in price direction is more likely to be short-term profit taking or a change in market sentiment. This will allow you to make more responsive trading decisions based on primary data.
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